σοφός

σοφός, ή, όν,

A skilled in any handicraft or art, clever, ἁρματηλάτας ς. Pi.P.5.115, cf. N.7.17;

κυβερνήτης A.Supp.770

;

μάντις Id.Th.382

;

οἰωνοθέτας S.OT484

(lyr.); of a sculptor, E.Fr.372; even of hedgers and ditchers, Margites Fr.2; but in this sense mostly of poets and musicians, Pi.O.1.9, P.1.42, 3.113; ἐν κιθάρᾳ ς. E.IT1238 (lyr.), cf. Ar.Ra.896 (lyr.), etc.; τὴν τέχνην -ώτερος ib.766;

περί τι Pl.Lg.696c

; γλώσσῃ ς. S.Fr.88.10;

σοφὸς ὁ πολλὰ εἰδὼς φυᾷ, μαθόντες δὲ λάβροι Pi.O.2.86

.

2 clever in practical matters, wise, prudent, ὁ χρήσιμ' εἰδώς, οὐχ ὁ πόλλ' εἰδώς, ς. A.Fr.390; esp. statesmanlike, in which sense the seven Sages were so called, Dicaearch. ap.D.L.1.40: hence, shrewd, worldly-wise, Thgn.120, Pi.I.2.12, Hdt. 3.85;

σ. ἄνδρες εἰσὶ Θεσσαλοὶ Id.7.130

;

σ. παλαιστὴς . . , ἀλλὰ χαἱ χαἱ σοφαὶ γνῶμαι . . ἐμποδίζονται S.Ph.431

, cf. 440, Aj.1374; πολλὰ ς. A.Ag. 1295; ἃ δεῖ ς. E.Ba.655 sq.;

τῶν λεγομένων πονηρῶν μέν, σοφῶν δέ Pl. R.519a

: also

σοφαὶ πραπίδες Pi.O.11(10).10

;

φύσις Ar.V.1282

: even of animals, X.Cyn.3.7 ([comp] Comp.), 6.13 ([comp] Sup.);

σ. πειθώ Pi.P.9.39

codd. (σοφοῖς Bgk.);

εὐβουλία A.Pr.1038

: τὸ ς. my little trick, Pl.R.502d; your clever notion, Id.Euthd.293d; τἀπ' ἐμοῦ σοφά, δάκρυα my tears, all the resources that I have, E.IA1214; εἰ δίκαια, τῶν σοφῶν κρείσσω τάδε better than all craft, S.Ph.1246; σοφόν [ἐστι] c. inf., E. Hec.228.

b more generally, learned, wise,

τὸ μὲν σ. [αὐτὸν] καλεῖν ἔμοιγε μέγα εἶναι δοκεῖ καὶ θεῷ μόνῳ πρέπειν Pl.Phdr.278d

, cf. 279c, Prt.329e, Ap.21a ([comp] Comp.), 22c ([comp] Sup.); opp. ἀμαθής, ib.25d ([comp] Comp.); of sophists, ib.20a, Prt.309d, X.Mem.2.1.21, etc.; universally and ideally wise,

ὁ σ., τουτέστιν ὁ τὴν τοῦ ἀληθοῦς ἐπιστήμην ἔχων Chrysipp.Stoic.2.42

, cf. 3.167, al.: later σοφώτατος as a title, esp. of lawyers or professors, PIand.16.4 (v/vi A.D.), POxy.126.6 (vi A.D.).

3 subtle, ingenious, opp. ἀμαθής (1445) and σαφής, Ar.Ra. 1434 (Adv.);

σοφόν τοι τὸ σαφές, οὐ τὸ μὴ σαφές E.Or.397

; τὸ σοφὸν οὐ σοφία wisdom overmuch is no wisdom, Id.Ba.395 (lyr.); τί οὖν ἦν τοῦτο; οὐδὲν ποικίλον οὐδὲ σοφόν nothing curious or recondite, D.9.37.—For the senses of ς., v. Arist.EN1141a10.—mostly abs., but c. acc. rei, E.Ba.655, Pl.Phlb.17c, etc.; also ἐν οἰωνοῖς, κιθάρᾳ, E. IT662, 1238 (lyr.);

εἴς τι Id.Fr.162

([comp] Sup.); περί τι or τινος, Pl.Smp. 203a, Ap.19c: rarely c. gen.,

σοφὸς κακῶν A.Supp.453

: also c. inf., πῶς δῆτ' ἔγωγ' ἂν . . Διὸς γενοίμην εὖ φρονεῖν σοφώτερος; S.Fr.524.7.

II of things, cleverly devised, wise,

νόμος Hdt.1.196

([comp] Sup.); νοήματα, ἔπεα, Pi.O.7.72 ([comp] Sup.), P.4.138, etc.;

γνῶμαι S.Aj.1091

;

νοῦς Id.El.1016

; πάντα προσφέρων σοφά all wise sayings, Id.Fr.763, cf. Ph.1245;

χρόνου τε διατριβὰς σοφωτάτας ἐφηῦρε Id.Fr.479

;

σοφώτερ' ἢ κατ' ἄνδρα συμβαλεῖν ἔπη E.Med.675

;

σ. φυγή Id.Supp.151

; οὐδὲν σοφὸν εἶναι shows no great wisdom, Arist.EN1137a10.

III Adv. σοφῶς cleverly, wisely, etc., first (?) in S.(?)Fr.1122; then in E.Alc. 699, Ba.1271 codd., Heracl.558, Ar.Ra.1434, etc.: [comp] Comp.

-ώτερον E. Hec.1007

: [comp] Sup.

-ώτατα Id.Hel.1528

, Ar.Nu.522:—σοφῶς, as an exclamation of applause, Plu.2.45f, Mart.3.46.8, etc. (Not in [dialect] Ep., exc. in Margites l.c. and as ancient v.l. (Eust.1023.14) in Il.23.712; but v. σοφία, σοφίζομαι.)